Mill believed that " equality of taxation " meant " equality of sacrifice " and that progressive taxation penalised those who worked harder and saved more and was therefore " a mild form of robbery ".
2.
The Pact guaranteed people security in their lives and property, equality of taxation ( thus implicitly abolishing the discriminatory " jizya " tax imposed on non-Muslims ), religious freedom and equality before the law.
3.
If the principle of substantial equality of taxation under state authority, as between capital so invested and other moneyed capital in the hands of individual citizens, however invested, operates to disturb the peculiar policy of some of the states in respect of revenue derived from taxation, the remedy therefor is with another department of the government, and does not belong to this Court.
4.
The exemptions in favor of other moneyed capital appear to be of such a substantial character in amount as to take the present case out of the operation of the rule that it is not absolute equality that is contemplated by the act of Congress; a rule which rests upon the ground that exact uniformity or equality of taxation cannot, in the nature of things, be expected or attained under any system.
5.
That document, which had many similarities to the 1839 Ottoman Hatt-1 ^ erif, abolished slavery, guaranteed people to be secure in their lives and property, granted equality of taxation ( thus implicitly abolishing the " jizya " ), granted religious freedom, granted equality before the law, granted foreigner the right to own land and participate in all types of businesses and set up separate commercial courts, among other things.
मोबाइल